Semiconductors Electronic Components TPS7A5201QRGRRQ1 Ic Chips BOM utumiki Malo amodzi kugula

Chidule cha chips

(i) Chip ndi chiyani

Dera lophatikizika, lofupikitsidwa ngati IC;kapena microcircuit, microchip, chip ndi njira ya mabwalo ang'onoang'ono (makamaka zida za semiconductor, komanso zigawo zina, etc.) mu zamagetsi, ndipo nthawi zambiri amapangidwa pamwamba pa zowotcha za semiconductor.

(ii) Njira yopangira chip

Njira yonse yopangira chip imaphatikizapo kupanga chip, kupanga zowotcha, kupanga phukusi, ndi kuyesa, zomwe zimapangidwira kupanga zofufumitsa zimakhala zovuta kwambiri.

Choyamba ndi kapangidwe ka chip, molingana ndi zofunikira za kapangidwe kake, "chitsanzo" chopangidwa, zopangira za chip ndi mkate.

Chophikacho chimapangidwa ndi silicon, yomwe imayengedwa kuchokera ku mchenga wa quartz.Chophikacho ndi chinthu cha silicon choyeretsedwa (99.999%), kenako silicon yoyera imapangidwa kukhala ndodo za silicon, zomwe zimakhala zopangira ma semiconductors a quartz a mabwalo ophatikizika, omwe amadulidwa kukhala zowotcha kuti apange chip.Kuchepa kwa mkate wowonda, kumachepetsa mtengo wopangira, koma m'pamenenso ntchitoyo imakhala yovuta kwambiri.

Chophimba chaching'ono

Chophimba chaching'ono chimagonjetsedwa ndi okosijeni ndi kutentha ndipo ndi mtundu wa photoresist.

Kukula kwa Wafer Photolithography ndi etching

Mayendedwe oyambira a njira ya photolithography akuwonetsedwa pazithunzi pansipa.Choyamba, wosanjikiza wa photoresist umagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa mtanda (kapena gawo lapansi) ndi zouma.Pambuyo kuyanika, mkatewo umasamutsidwa ku makina a lithography.Kuwala kumadutsa mu chigoba kuti kuwonetsera mawonekedwe a chigoba pa photoresist pamwamba pa wafer pamwamba, kupangitsa kuwonekera ndi kulimbikitsa chithunzithunzi.Zophika zomwe zimawonekera zimaphikidwanso kachiwiri, zomwe zimadziwika kuti post-exposure baking, kumene photochemical reaction imakhala yokwanira.Pomaliza, wopangayo amawapopera pa photoresist pamtunda kuti apange mawonekedwe owonekera.Pambuyo pa chitukuko, chitsanzo pa chigoba chimasiyidwa pa photoresist.

Gluing, kuphika, ndi kupanga zonse zimachitika mu screed developer ndipo kuwonetseredwa kumachitika mu photolithograph.Makina opangira screed ndi makina a lithography nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito motsatana, zowotcha zimasamutsidwa pakati pa mayunitsi ndi makina pogwiritsa ntchito loboti.The kukhudzana lonse ndi dongosolo chitukuko chatsekedwa ndipo zopyapyala si mwachindunji poyera kwa ozungulira chilengedwe kuchepetsa zotsatira za zinthu zovulaza chilengedwe pa photoresist ndi photochemical zimachitikira.

Doping ndi zonyansa

Kuyika ma ion mu chowotcha kuti apange ma semiconductors amtundu wa P ndi N.

Kuyesa kwa Wafer

Pambuyo pazimenezi, kansalu kakang'ono kameneka kamapangidwa pamtanda.Makhalidwe amagetsi a kufa kulikonse amawunikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito pini.

Kupaka

Zophika zomwe zimapangidwa zimakhazikika, zimamangiriridwa ku zikhomo, ndikupangidwa kukhala mapaketi osiyanasiyana malinga ndi zofunikira, chifukwa chake chip core chomwecho chikhoza kuikidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana.Mwachitsanzo, DIP, QFP, PLCC, QFN, ndi zina zotero.Apa zimatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi machitidwe a wogwiritsa ntchito, malo ogwiritsira ntchito, mtundu wa msika, ndi zina zotumphukira.

Kuyesa, kulongedza

Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, kupanga chip kwatha.Njira iyi ndikuyesa chip, kuchotsa zinthu zolakwika ndikuzipaka.

Kugwirizana pakati pa ma wafers ndi chips

Chip chimapangidwa ndi zida zopitilira semiconductor.Ma semiconductors nthawi zambiri amakhala ma diode, ma triode, machubu okhudza kumunda, zoletsa mphamvu zazing'ono, ma inductors, ma capacitors, ndi zina zotero.

Ndi ntchito luso njira kusintha ndende ya ma elekitironi ufulu mu phata atomiki mu chitsime zozungulira kusintha katundu thupi la atomiki nyukiliya kubala zabwino kapena zoipa mlandu ambiri (ma elekitironi) kapena ochepa (mabowo) kuti. kupanga ma semiconductors osiyanasiyana.

Silikoni ndi germanium ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zida za semiconductor ndipo katundu wawo ndi zida zake zimapezeka mosavuta mochulukira komanso pamtengo wotsika kuti agwiritse ntchito matekinoloje awa.

Chophimba cha silicon chimapangidwa ndi zida zambiri za semiconductor.Ntchito ya semiconductor ndi, ndithudi, kupanga dera monga kufunikila ndi kukhalapo mu silicon wafer.