LVDS Deserializer 2975Mbps 0.6V Magalimoto 48-Pin WQFN EP T/R DS90UB928QSQX/NOPB

1.Maulendo ophatikizika omwe amapangidwa pamwamba pa chipangizo cha semiconductor amadziwikanso kuti filimu yopyapyala yosakanikirana.Mtundu wina wamtundu wophatikizika wamakanema (wosakanikirana wosakanizidwa wophatikizika) ndi kagawo kakang'ono kamene kamakhala ndi zida za semiconductor payekha ndi zida zongopanga zokha zomwe zimaphatikizidwa mu gawo lapansi kapena bolodi yozungulira.
Kuchokera mu 1949 mpaka 1957, ma prototypes adapangidwa ndi Werner Jacobi, Jeffrey Dummer, Sidney Darlington, ndi Yasuo Tarui, koma dera lophatikizidwa lamakono linapangidwa ndi Jack Kilby mu 1958.Anapatsidwa Mphotho ya Nobel mu Fizikisi mu 2000 chifukwa cha izi, koma Robert Noyce, yemwe adapanganso dera lophatikizana lamakono panthawi yomweyi, anamwalira mu 1990.
Kutsatira kupangidwa ndi kupanga kwakukulu kwa transistor, magawo osiyanasiyana olimba a semiconductor monga ma diode ndi ma transistors adagwiritsidwa ntchito mochulukirapo, m'malo mwa ntchito ndi gawo la chubu cha vacuum pozungulira.Pakatikati mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 20 kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo wopanga ma semiconductor kunapangitsa kuti mabwalo ophatikizika atheke.Mosiyana ndi kusonkhana pamanja kwa mabwalo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi zamagetsi, mabwalo ophatikizika amalola kuphatikizika kwa ma microtransistors ambiri kukhala chip chaching'ono, chomwe chinali patsogolo kwambiri.Kuchulukitsa, kudalirika, komanso njira yosinthira mabwalo ophatikizika amagawo ophatikizika adatsimikizira kukhazikitsidwa mwachangu kwa mabwalo ophatikizika okhazikika m'malo mopanga pogwiritsa ntchito ma transistors.
2.Maulendo ophatikizidwa ali ndi maubwino awiri akulu kuposa ma transistors a discrete: mtengo ndi magwiridwe antchito.Mtengo wotsika ndi chifukwa tchipisi timasindikiza zigawo zonse monga gawo ndi photolithography, m'malo mopanga transistor imodzi panthawi imodzi.Kuchita kwapamwamba kumakhala chifukwa cha zigawo zomwe zikusintha mofulumira komanso kuwononga mphamvu zochepa chifukwa zigawozo ndi zazing'ono komanso zoyandikana.2006 adawona madera oyambira masikweya mamilimita angapo mpaka 350 mm² ndi ma transistors opitilira miliyoni imodzi pa mm².
Dongosolo lophatikizana la prototype lidamalizidwa ndi Jack Kilby mu 1958 ndipo linali ndi bipolar transistor, zopinga zitatu, ndi capacitor.
Kutengera kuchuluka kwa zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zomwe zimaphatikizidwa pa chip, mabwalo ophatikizika amatha kugawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa.
Small Scale Integrated Circuits (SSI) ali ndi zipata zosakwana 10 zomveka kapena ma transistors 100.
Medium Scale Integration (MSI) ili ndi zipata zomveka 11 mpaka 100 kapena ma transistors 101 mpaka 1k.
Large Scale Integration (LSI) 101 mpaka 1k zipata zomveka kapena 1,001 mpaka 10k transistors.
Kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwambiri (VLSI) 1,001 ~ 10k zipata zomveka kapena 10,001 ~ 100k transistors.
Ultra Large Scale Integration (ULSI) 10,001~1M zipata zomveka kapena 100,001~10M ma transistors.
GLSI (Giga Scale Integration) 1,000,001 kapena zipata zomveka zambiri kapena 10,000,001 kapena ma transistors ambiri.
3.Kupititsa patsogolo maulendo ophatikizika
Mabwalo ophatikizika apamwamba kwambiri ali pamtima pa ma microprocessors kapena ma processor amitundu yambiri omwe amatha kuwongolera chilichonse kuyambira pamakompyuta kupita kumafoni a m'manja mpaka mavuni a digito a microwave.Ngakhale mtengo wopangira ndi kupanga chigawo chophatikizika chophatikizika ndi chokwera kwambiri, mtengo wagawo lophatikizika umachepetsedwa ukafalikira pazinthu zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayesedwa mu mamiliyoni.Kuchita kwa ma IC ndikwambiri chifukwa kukula kwakung'ono kumabweretsa njira zazifupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mabwalo amphamvu ocheperako agwiritsidwe ntchito pa liwiro losintha mwachangu.
Kwa zaka zambiri, ndakhala ndikusunthira kuzinthu zing'onozing'ono, ndikulola kuti mabwalo ambiri apangidwe pa chip.Izi zimawonjezera mphamvu pagawo lililonse, kulola kutsika mtengo komanso kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito, onani Lamulo la Moore, pomwe kuchuluka kwa ma transistors mu IC kumachulukitsa kawiri pazaka 1.5 zilizonse.Mwachidule, pafupifupi ma metrics onse amayenda bwino pamene mawonekedwe amacheperachepera, mtengo wamayunitsi ndikusintha kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mphamvu kumatsika, komanso kuthamanga kumakwera.Komabe, palinso mavuto ndi ma IC omwe amaphatikiza zida za nanoscale, makamaka mafunde otuluka.Zotsatira zake, kuwonjezeka kwa liwiro ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumawonekera kwambiri kwa wogwiritsa ntchito kumapeto, ndipo opanga akukumana ndi vuto lalikulu la kugwiritsa ntchito geometry yabwino.Ndondomekoyi ndi kupita patsogolo komwe kukuyembekezeka m'zaka zikubwerazi zikufotokozedwa bwino mumsewu wapadziko lonse waukadaulo wama semiconductors.
Patangotha ​​zaka theka la chitukuko chawo, mabwalo ophatikizika adakhala ponseponse ndipo makompyuta, mafoni am'manja, ndi zida zina za digito zidakhala gawo lofunikira pazachikhalidwe.Izi zili choncho chifukwa makina amakono a makompyuta, kulankhulana, kupanga, ndi zoyendetsa, kuphatikizapo intaneti, zonse zimadalira kukhalapo kwa mabwalo ophatikizana.Akatswiri ambiri amaona kuti kusintha kwa digito komwe kunachitika ndi IC kukhala chochitika chofunikira kwambiri m'mbiri ya anthu, komanso kuti kukhwima kwa IC kudzatsogolera kutukuka kwakukulu muukadaulo, potengera njira zamapangidwe komanso zotsogola zamachitidwe a semiconductor. , zonsezi zimagwirizana kwambiri.