Real Time Mawotchi-PCF8563T/F4,118

Real Time Clock Chip ndi imodzi mwazinthu zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku.Zimapatsa anthu nthawi yeniyeni yeniyeni, kapena kuti makina apakompyuta apereke nthawi yolondola, tchipisi ta Real Time Clocks nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito crystal oscillator yolondola kwambiri monga gwero la wotchi.Ena tchipisi wotchi kuti waukulu mphamvu kupereka mphamvu pansi, komanso akhoza kugwira ntchito, kufunika zina batire mphamvu.

1).Zogulitsa zoyambirira za RTC
Zogulitsa zoyambirira za RTC ndizogawanitsa pafupipafupi ndi doko lolumikizirana pakompyuta.Imapeza chidziwitso cha nthawi monga chaka, mwezi, tsiku, ola, mphindi, ndi chachiwiri pogawa ndikusonkhanitsa ma frequency oscillation opangidwa ndi kristalo ndikutumiza ku purosesa kuti ikonzedwe kudzera padoko lolumikizirana pakompyuta.
Makhalidwe a RTC mu nthawi ino ndi awa: doko lofananira pa mzere wolamulira doko;kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri;kugwiritsa ntchito njira wamba CMOS;paketiyo ili ndi mizere iwiri;Chip nthawi zambiri sichikhala ndi kalendala yosatha komanso chaka ndi mwezi chosinthika chosinthika chomwe RTC yamakono ili nacho, ndipo sichingathe kuthana ndi vuto la chaka cha 2000.Tsopano izo zathetsedwa.
2).Zogulitsa zapakati pa RTC
Pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1990, mbadwo watsopano wa RTC unatuluka, womwe umagwiritsa ntchito njira yapadera ya CMOS;kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumachepetsedwa kwambiri, ndi mtengo wamba pafupifupi 0.5μA kapena kuchepera;magetsi magetsi ndi 1.4V okha kapena zochepa;ndi doko kulankhulana kompyuta wakhalanso mode siriyo, monga atatu mawaya SIO / anayi waya SPI, mankhwala ena ntchito 2-waya I2C basi;phukusi la SOP / SSOP, voliyumu Phukusili limatenga SOP/SSOP phukusi, ndipo kukula kwake kumachepetsedwa kwambiri;
Kagwiridwe ntchito: kuchuluka kwa nzeru za pa-chip kwakula kwambiri, ndi ntchito yanthawi zonse ya kalendala, kuwongolera zotuluka kwakhalanso kosinthika komanso kosiyanasiyana.Pakati pawo, Japan RICOH idayambitsa RTC idawonekeranso mu nthawi yoyambira pulogalamu yosinthira (TTF) ndi oscillator kuyimitsa ntchito yodziwikiratu ndipo mtengo wa chip ndiwotsika kwambiri.Pakadali pano, tchipisi izi zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makasitomala ambiri.
3).Zogulitsa zaposachedwa za RTC
M'badwo waposachedwa wa zinthu za RTC, kuphatikiza zomwe zili ndi ntchito zonse za m'badwo wachiwiri wazinthu, zidawonjezeranso ntchito zophatikizika, monga kuzindikira kwamagetsi otsika, ntchito yayikulu yosinthira batire, ntchito yotsutsa-yosindikiza yotulutsa, ndi phukusi lokha. ndi yaying'ono (kutalika 0.85mm, malo a 2mm * 2mm okha).

Cholakwika cha nthawi ya Real Time Clocks chimachokera ku chotchipa cha mawotchi muzolakwika zamafupipafupi a kristalo, ndipo cholakwika chafupipafupi cha kristalo chimakhala makamaka chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kutentha komwe kumachitika.Choncho, kutentha kwa kristalo resonant pafupipafupi zolakwa kwaiye ndi ogwira chipukuta misozi ndi chinsinsi kuwongolera kulondola kwa wotchi.Njira yolipirira cholakwika cha quartz crystal resonant frequency error compensation imachokera ku cholakwika chodziwika cha ma frequency a crystal resonant ndi kusintha kwa kutentha, kuti apange kauntala ya 1Hz frequency Division kuti mupeze njira yolondola yolipirira.
Ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya RTC ndi kupereka kalendala ntchito mpaka 2099, kwa nthawi, ziribe kanthu kuti mofulumira kapena pang'onopang'ono ndi kulakwitsa, ndi chofananira capacitor amachita mbali yofunika kwambiri pa zipangizo zotumphukira za RTC, akhoza bwino kukonza kufananiza vuto pakati pa kristalo ndi RTC.