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Ma diode ndi magawo amagetsi apawiri-terminal omwe amayendetsa pano makamaka mbali imodzi (asymmetric conductance);Ili ndi kukana pang'ono kumbali imodzi (zabwino zero) ndi kukana kwakukulu mbali ina (kopanda malire).Diode vacuum chubu kapena thermoelectron diode ndi chubu cha vacuum chokhala ndi maelekitirodi awiri, cathode yotentha ndi mbale momwe ma elekitironi amatha kuyenda kuchokera ku cathode kupita ku mbale imodzi yokha.Semiconductor diode, mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri masiku ano, ndi crystalline semiconductor material yokhala ndi pn junction yolumikizidwa ndi ma terminals awiri amagetsi.

Ntchito yodziwika bwino ya diode ndikulola kuti masiku ano adutse mbali imodzi (yotchedwa njira yakutsogolo ya diode), ndikuyitsekereza mbali ina (yobwerera).Mwanjira iyi, diode imatha kuwonedwa ngati mawonekedwe amagetsi a valve yobwerera.Khalidwe lanjira imodzili limatchedwa rectification ndipo limagwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza alternating current (ac) kukhala yolunjika pano (dc).Ma rectifiers, monga ma diode, amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu monga kutulutsa kusintha kwa ma wayilesi pawailesi yolandila.

Komabe, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe osagwirizana ndi magetsi a diode, khalidwe lake likhoza kukhala lovuta kwambiri kusiyana ndi kusintha kosavuta kumeneku.Diode ya semiconductor imayendetsa magetsi pokhapokha ngati pali magetsi olowera kutsogolo kapena voteji yolowera kutsogolo (diode imanenedwa kuti ili kutsogolo).Kutsika kwamagetsi kumalekezero onse a diode yotsatsira kutsogolo kumasiyana pang'ono ndi zamakono ndipo ndi ntchito ya kutentha.Izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sensor ya kutentha kapena voliyumu yowunikira.Kuonjezera apo, pamene magetsi obwerera kumbuyo kwa malekezero onse a diode afika pamtengo wotchedwa breakdown voltage, kukana kwakukulu kwa diode kumayendedwe obwereranso kumatsika mwadzidzidzi.

Makhalidwe amagetsi amakono a semiconductor diode amatha kusinthidwa posankha zida za semiconductor ndikuyambitsa zonyansa za doping muzinthuzo panthawi yopanga.Njirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma diode apadera omwe amagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana.Mwachitsanzo, ma diode amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera ma voliyumu (Zener diode), kuteteza mabwalo kumayendedwe amphamvu kwambiri (avalanche diode), kuyimba pa wailesi ndi wailesi yakanema (varator diode) kuti apange RF oscillations (tunnel diode), Gunn diode, IMPATT diode. , ndi kupanga kuwala (light-emitting diodes).Ma diode a tunnel, ma diode a Gunn, ndi ma diode a IMPATT ali ndi kukana koyipa, komwe kumakhala kothandiza mu ma microwave ndi ma switch switch.

Ma diode a vacuum ndi ma semiconductor diode atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zotulutsa phokoso.