Mu Ogasiti 2022, makampani asanu ndi atatu aku Japan, kuphatikiza Toyota, Sony, Kioxia, NEC, ndi ena, adakhazikitsa Rapidus, gulu ladziko la Japan la semiconductors am'badwo wotsatira, mothandizidwa mowolowa manja ndi ma yen biliyoni 70 kuchokera ku boma la Japan.
"Rapidus" Chilatini kutanthauza "mwachangu", Cholinga cha kampaniyi ndikuyenda limodzi ndi TSMC ndikukwaniritsa njira ya 2nm mu 2027.
Ntchito yomaliza yokonzanso makampani a semiconductor aku Japan ndi kampani yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 2002, Billda, ndi Samsung zaka 10 nkhondoyi itatha, anthu aku South Korea adamenyedwa mpaka bankirapuse, zinthu zomaliza zidasungidwa ndi Micron.
Madzulo a kuphulika kwa msika wa mafoni a mafoni a m'manja, makampani onse a ku Japan a semiconductor anali pachimake.Mwambiwu umati, dzikoli ndi lomvetsa chisoni kwa olemba ndakatulo, ndipo kuwonongeka kwa Elpida kwakhala chinthu chobwerezabwereza kutafuna m'dziko la mafakitale, ndipo mndandanda wa zolemba za semiconductor zoyimiridwa ndi "Lost Manufacturing" zinabadwa.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, akuluakulu a ku Japan anakonza ndondomeko zingapo zogwira ntchito ndi zitsitsimutso, koma osapambana.
Pambuyo pa 2010, kukula kwatsopano kwamakampani opanga ma semiconductor, omwe kale anali amphamvu kwambiri ku Japan chip makampani pafupifupi palibe, mwayi wamunda ndi United States, South Korea ndi Taiwan onse agawika.
Kupatula kampani ya memory chip ya Kioxia, yomwe idasungidwa kale ndi Bain Capital, makhadi otsala otsala mumakampani aku Japan ndi Sony ndi Renesas Electronics.
Pazaka zitatu zapitazi, mliri wapadziko lonse lapansi womwe udakulirakulira pakuchepa kwa kufunikira kwamagetsi ogula uyenera kukhala kutsika kwamakampani a chip.2023, msika wapadziko lonse lapansi wa semiconductor udakali pachiwopsezo, koma Japan idatsogolera madera ena onse mu February, kutsogolera pakukulitsa malonda, ndipo mwina ndi dera lokhalo kunja kwa Europe kuti likwaniritse kukula. chaka chino.
Mwina ndikubwereranso kwamakampani aku Japan chip, kuphatikiza kufunikira kwa chitetezo cham'magawo, ndikuyendetsa kubadwa kwa dongosolo lalikulu kwambiri lachitsitsimutso pambuyo pa Elpida Rapidus, mgwirizano wake ndi IBM umaganiziridwanso "kubwerera kwa Japan kumakampani omaliza a semiconductor omaliza. mwayi, komanso mwayi wabwino kwambiri."
Kodi chachitika ndi chiyani kumakampani opanga zamagetsi ku Japan kuyambira 2012, pomwe Billda adasowa?
Kumanganso Pambuyo pa Tsoka
Kuwonongeka kwa Billda mu 2012 kunali chochitika chodziwika bwino, chofanana ndi chomwe chinali kugwa kwathunthu kwa makampani a semiconductor ku Japan, ndi zimphona zitatu za Panasonic, Sony, ndi Sharp zikupanga mbiri zotayika, ndipo Renesas akupita kumapeto kwa bankirapuse.Chivomezi choopsa chomwe chinayambika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ndalama kumeneku chinabweretsanso masoka achiwiri ku Japan:
Chimodzi mwa izo ndikutsika kwa mtundu wa terminal: Sharp's TV, Toshiba's air conditioner, makina ochapira a Panasonic ndi mafoni a m'manja a Sony, zimphona zamagetsi ogula zatsala pang'ono kutha kukhala ogulitsa magawo.Chomvetsa chisoni kwambiri ndi Sony, kamera, walkman, filimu yomvetsera ndi televizioni ubwino wa polojekitiyi, wina ndi mzake mu muzzle wa iPhone.
Chachiwiri ndi kugwa kwa unyolo kumtunda makampani: kuchokera gulu, kukumbukira, kuti Chip kupanga, akhoza kutaya nkhondo kwa Korea kwenikweni anataya.Kamodzi anapha Japanese tchipisi kukumbukira, kusiya yekha Toshiba kung'anima mbande, zotsatira za kusintha kwa Toshiba a nyukiliya chotchinga mphamvu pamodzi ndi zotsatira za chinyengo ndalama, kung'anima kukumbukira bizinesi anadzatchedwa Kioxia, misozi anagulitsa kwa Bain Capital.
Kusinkhasinkha kwamagulu amaphunziro panthawi imodzimodziyo, akuluakulu a boma la Japan ndi mafakitale adayambitsanso ntchito yomanganso pambuyo pa tsoka, chinthu choyamba chomanganso ndi mchimwene wovuta wa Billda: Renesas Electronics.
Mofanana ndi Billda, Renesas Electronics adaphatikiza mabizinesi a semiconductor a NEC, Hitachi, ndi Mitsubishi kuwonjezera pa DRAM, ndipo adamaliza ntchito yophatikizira mu Epulo 2010, kuwonekera koyamba kugulu ngati kampani yachinayi padziko lonse lapansi ya semiconductor.
Ku Japan adaphonya nthawi yapaintaneti yodandaula, Renesas adapeza gawo la semiconductor la Nokia, akukonzekera kuphatikizira ndi mzere wake wazopanga purosesa, pa sitima yomaliza ya mafunde amafoni anzeru.
Koma mtengo wandalama zolemetsa kupanga tikiti ndikuwonongeka pamwezi kwa yen 2 biliyoni, mpaka 2011, kuphulika kwa ngozi yoyamba yamagetsi ya nyukiliya ku Japan ku Fukushima, yomwe idakwera pamalo opangira mphamvu yokoka ya kusefukira kwamadzi ku Thailand, kutayika kwa Renesas kudafika 62.6 biliyoni. yen, theka la phazi ku bankirapuse ndi kuthetsedwa.
Chinthu chachiwiri chomangidwanso chinali Sony, yomwe idawonedwa ndi Jobs ngati chitsanzo chamakampani opanga zamagetsi.
Zophophonya za Sony zitha kunyansidwa ndi kuthekera kwa mapulogalamu, omwe ndi amodzi mwamavuto omwe amapezeka pamakampani opanga zamagetsi ku Japan.Mafoni onse ogwirizana ndi Ericsson ndi mafoni a Sony adadziwika kuti akupanga mafoni oyipa kwambiri omwe ali ndi zida zabwino kwambiri.
Mu 2017, Xperia XZ2P, yomwe imalemera theka la kilo, ndiyo mapeto a "hardware" iyi.
Mu 2002, Sony mzati malonda TV anayamba kusunga zotayika, Walkman mwachindunji pakhosi ndi iPod, kutsatiridwa ndi makamera digito, mafoni anzeru mmodzi ndi mzake anagwa pa guwa.2012, zotayika za Sony zidafika pakalendala yapamwamba kwambiri ya yen biliyoni 456.6, mtengo wamsika wa $ 125 biliyoni kuchokera pachimake cha 2000 mpaka $ 10 biliyoni, kugulitsa kwa meme ya nyumbayi kudabadwanso pano.
Ngakhale kuti makampani onsewa akukumana ndi zovuta, mu 2012, izi ndizomwe zili pansi pa makadi angapo amakampani opanga zamagetsi ku Japan.
Mu Epulo 2012, Kazuo Hirai adatenga udindo ngati CEO wa Sony, ndipo mwezi womwewo adalengeza pulogalamu ya "One Sony" yophatikiza gulu lonse.Kumapeto kwa chaka, Renesas adalandira jekeseni wa ndalama zokwana 150 biliyoni kuchokera ku Industrial Innovation Corporation ya Japan (INCJ), thumba la boma, ndi makasitomala akuluakulu asanu ndi atatu, kuphatikizapo Toyota, Nissan, ndi Canon, ndipo adalengeza kukonzanso. za bizinesi yake.
Ma semiconductor aku Japan ayamba kutuluka m'malo ovuta.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-16-2023